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is-size-4-mobile">Go:type关键词总结</h1><div class="content"><h3 id="type关键词总结"><a href="#type关键词总结" class="headerlink" title="type关键词总结"></a>type关键词总结</h3><h4 id="type-用法："><a href="#type-用法：" class="headerlink" title="type 用法："></a>type 用法：</h4><ul><li>定义结构体</li><li>定义接口</li><li>类型别名</li><li>类型定义</li><li>类型开关</li></ul><p>类型定义和类型别名的区别：<br>区别就是类型定义是完全定义了一种新的类型，<br>而类型别名只是给现有的类型取了一个别名alias。（编译器会替换成基本类型。）</p><span id="more"></span><h4 id="Type常见Demo"><a href="#Type常见Demo" class="headerlink" title="Type常见Demo"></a>Type常见Demo</h4><h6 id="定义结构体"><a href="#定义结构体" class="headerlink" title="定义结构体"></a>定义结构体</h6><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type Demo struct {}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h6 id="定义接口"><a href="#定义接口" class="headerlink" title="定义接口"></a>定义接口</h6><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type Demoer interface {}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h6 id="类型别名"><a href="#类型别名" class="headerlink" title="类型别名"></a>类型别名</h6><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type Demo string</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h6 id="类型定义"><a href="#类型定义" class="headerlink" title="类型定义"></a>类型定义</h6><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type handle func(str string) </span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h6 id="类型开关"><a href="#类型开关" class="headerlink" title="类型开关"></a>类型开关</h6><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">func Demo(params ...interface{}) {</span><br><span class="line"> for i, x := range params {</span><br><span class="line"> switch x.(type) {</span><br><span class="line"> case bool:</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Printf("type #%d is bool",i)</span><br><span class="line"> default:</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Printf("type is unknow")</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="类型注意事项"><a href="#类型注意事项" class="headerlink" title="类型注意事项"></a>类型注意事项</h4><h6 id="类型比较"><a href="#类型比较" class="headerlink" title="类型比较"></a>类型比较</h6><p>备注：<br>参考Go文档type说明：</p><ul><li><p>命名类型（简单类型），有类型名称如 int, int64, float, string, bool. 还有自定义的命名类型。</p></li><li><p>非命名类型（复杂类型），没类型名称 array slice, map，func(){}, interface{}。但是<strong>chan类型是可以==比较</strong>。</p><ul><li>slice 内存不连续，底层对象分开放的，不能直接比较；</li><li>map 内存不连续，底层对象独立存放，不能直接比较；</li><li>chan 内存是连续的，单一对象，可以直接比较；</li></ul></li><li><p>当比较两个命名类型的时候，类型名称必须一样；当比较命名类型和非命名类型的时候，<strong>底层类型一样即可</strong>。</p></li><li><p>比较基于两个原则：1.内存底层基本类型；2.类型本身是否确定类型或不稳定类型；</p></li><li><p>空接口值比较</p></li></ul><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">package main</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">import (</span><br><span class="line"> "fmt"</span><br><span class="line"> "reflect"</span><br><span class="line">)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">type T1 []string</span><br><span class="line">type T2 []string</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func main() {</span><br><span class="line"> foo0 := []string{}</span><br><span class="line"> foo1 := T1{}</span><br><span class="line"> foo2 := T2{}</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(foo0))</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(foo1))</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(foo2))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> // Output:</span><br><span class="line"> // []string</span><br><span class="line"> // main.T1</span><br><span class="line"> // main.T2</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> //编译通，反之亦然</span><br><span class="line"> //foo1 = foo0</span><br><span class="line"> //foo0 = foo1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> // 编译不通过</span><br><span class="line"> // 错误提示：cannot use foo2 (type T2) as type T1 in assignment</span><br><span class="line"> foo2 = foo0</span><br><span class="line"> foo1 = foo2 //cannot</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> //编译通过：chan</span><br><span class="line"> ch1 := make(chan int)</span><br><span class="line"> ch2 := make(chan int)</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Println(ch1 == ch2) </span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> //编译不通过：slice</span><br><span class="line"> s1 := []int{1,2}</span><br><span class="line"> s2 := []int{2,1}</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Println(s1 == s2)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> //编译不通过：map</span><br><span class="line"> m1 := make(map[int]int)</span><br><span class="line"> m2 := make(map[int]int)</span><br><span class="line"> fmt.Println(m1 == m2)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h6 id="类型可比较性"><a href="#类型可比较性" class="headerlink" title="类型可比较性"></a>类型可比较性</h6><p>判断原则：<br>底层数据结构类型是否稳定和一致</p><table><thead><tr><th align="left">类型</th><th align="left">说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">map</td><td align="left">宕机错误，不可比较</td></tr><tr><td align="left">切片（[]T）</td><td align="left">宕机错误，不可比较</td></tr><tr><td align="left">通道（channel）</td><td align="left">可比较，必须由同一个 make 生成，也就是同一个通道才会是 true，否则为 false</td></tr><tr><td align="left">数组（[容量]T）</td><td align="left">可比较，编译期知道两个数组是否一致</td></tr><tr><td align="left">结构体</td><td align="left">可比较，可以逐个比较结构体的值</td></tr><tr><td align="left">函数</td><td align="left">可比较</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="article-licensing box"><div class="licensing-title"><p>Go:type关键词总结</p><p><a href="https://www.defense.ink/49c8ae5b.html">https://www.defense.ink/49c8ae5b.html</a></p></div><div class="licensing-meta level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><div class="level-item is-narrow"><div><h6>Author</h6><p>Jack Liu</p></div></div><div class="level-item is-narrow"><div><h6>Posted on</h6><p>2020-02-27</p></div></div><div class="level-item is-narrow"><div><h6>Updated on</h6><p>2024-02-17</p></div></div><div class="level-item is-narrow"><div><h6>Licensed under</h6><p><a class="icons" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Creative Commons" href="https://creativecommons.org/"><i class="icon fab fa-creative-commons"></i></a><a class="icons" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Attribution" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><i class="icon fab fa-creative-commons-by"></i></a><a class="icons" rel="noopener" target="_blank" title="Noncommercial" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><i class="icon fab fa-creative-commons-nc"></i></a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-tags is-size-7 mb-4"><span class="mr-2">#</span><a class="link-muted mr-2" rel="tag" href="/tags/Go/">Go</a><a class="link-muted mr-2" rel="tag" href="/tags/type%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E8%AF%8D%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/">type关键词总结</a></div><div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons"></div><script src="https://platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=627845fc01dad800199bf3d4&product=inline-share-buttons" defer></script></article></div><nav class="post-navigation mt-4 level is-mobile"><div class="level-start"><a class="article-nav-prev level level-item link-muted" 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